Build a Git Server on Ubuntu and clone it using HTTP

To build a Git Server on Ubuntu and use Apache to access Git repositories via HTTP, follow these steps to configure Apache.

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1. installing Apache

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sudo apt update
sudo apt install apache2

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2. enable the required modules

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sudo a2enmod cgi alias
sudo systemctl restart apache2

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3. install Git

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sudo apt install git

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4. create a Git repository

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sudo mkdir -p /var/www/git
cd /var/www/git
sudo git init --bare myrepo.git
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data myrepo.git
sudo chmod -R 755 myrepo.git

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5. configure git-http-backend

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First, make sure that /usr/lib/cgi-bin/git-http-backend has execute permission, and if it doesn't, grant it.

sudo chmod +x /usr/lib/git-core/git-http-backend

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6. configure Apache virtual host

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sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/git.conf

The following content was added

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    DocumentRoot /var/www/git
    ServerName git.example.com

    <Directory /var/www/git>
        Options +ExecCGI
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    ScriptAlias /git/ /usr/lib/git-core/git-http-backend/

    SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /var/www/git
    SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL

    <LocationMatch "^/git/.*/git-receive-pack$">
        AuthType Basic
        AuthName "Git Access"
        AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/.htpasswd
        Require valid-user
    </LocationMatch>

    <Location /git>
        Require all granted
    </Location>

</VirtualHost>

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7. user authentication settings

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sudo apt install apache2-utils
sudo htpasswd -c /etc/apache2/.htpasswd gituser

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8.Activate the configuration and restart Apache

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sudo a2ensite git.conf
sudo systemctl restart apache2

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9. client-side connection

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git clone http://git.example.com/git/myrepo.git

If authentication is required, do the following

git clone http://gituser@git.example.com/git/myrepo.git